Research into Godwins music theory - Miss Georgiou

The theory is essential to consider when coming to analyse a video for a number of reasons. Firstly, one reason which could be said is that

1. music video demonstrating genre characteristics

Throughout the music video of "Love the way you lie" by Eminem featuring Rihanna, a number of the pop genre characteristics can be seen throughout.

Straight from the off, one genre characteristic which can be seen straight from the off, and which is continued throughout is the relationship of a man and woman, as the whole idea of the music video is based upon the relationship. This is very common within songs that come under the pop genre; this being possibly one of the most common conventions of the pop genre. Showing this within the first 6 seconds introduces Megan Fox (the woman in the shot) very early, which could be done so that it engages the audience and entices them to continue watching. Showing the relationship at the beginning also shows the main aspect/ part of the music video straight away, as many ideals and messages are based upon this.

Another convention which the video and song follows is that they usually take place between 3-5 minutes, and have a consistent beat to it. The song overall lasts around 4 minutes. As this particular video and many other pop videos often have a sense of a narrative and concept throughout, they are often long enough to portray such, as demonstrated with the length of this video. This allows for enough content to be included and for the story/ concept to be fully told and explained.

2. There is a relationship between lyrics and visuals

Within the music video, there is a clear relationship between the lyrics and visuals throughout. One example to take of this would be the segment in which Eminem is rapping to the camera in the field. This is as he can clearly be seen matching his visuals towards the audio which has been edited in to the background and synced together in the final product. This can be seen in all of the segments in which he is rapping in the field, and near the later part in which Rihanna and Eminem are alongside each other on screen, they can be seen not lip syncing with the lyrics.

Another example during the video which can be seen matching the lyrics and visuals can be seen taken from the counterpart artist Rihanna, to which it both the visuals and audio of the lyrics are in sync. Very similar to that of Eminem, Rihanna can be seen having a relationship between lyrics and visuals in every moment before the half way mark of the song, in which after that point when she is on screen at the same time as Eminem she is not infact lip syncing.

3. There is a relationship between music and visuals

There is in fact a relationship between the music and visuals at points during the video also. Moments to take in particular would be the segments of the song in which being burned and fire is referenced, to which while these lyrics are being performed the background is of fire, directly linking. This takes place on a number of occasions throughout the video as  the chorus of the song references fire, to which at many points is fire present in the video.

4. The demands of the record label

Throughout the music video, there are segments in which multiple people that take part have there face zoomed in on.

One of which is the woman in the video, who is in fact played by Megan Fox, a well known model and actress. Close ups of her are potentially used to make the viewer aware of her being present in the video. This could be done as she was most probably costly to higher for the video, so the record label will want her face to be out there. By doing so this fully utilises the presence of having her, as the music video itself must have been costly due to the presence of Rihanna, Eminem, as well as the cost of the additional visuals added in. Through using close ups of her, it could also be used for the audience to feel sympathy on her, as the actor playing the man in the relationship isn't known, whereas with Megan Fox she is, therefore the viewer may feel sympathetic and on the side of her.


Close ups are also used of both Rihanna and Eminem throughout, both of which the close ups occur usually when they are midway through performing. Using close ups for the artists could be done so that the audience can make a relationship easier with them. This is as through zooming in it exposes there facial expressions, which allows for the viewer to witness the emotion which both of them are showing throughout the video. This may portray them as being more down to earth and relatable for the viewer which enables a relationship to be built between the audience. Also through using the close ups, it makes the artists the drawing point of the video, potentially engaging the audience to continue watching.


5. There is frequently reference to the notion of looking and particularly voyeuristic treatment of the female body

To an extent, it could be said that this is seen throughout the beginning segment of the song, and there is a clearer example of such later on in the music video also. At the very beginning of the video, Megan Fox (seen above as the first imagine) can be seen lying asleep in bed, wearing little clothing bellow the waist. This is conventional of music videos as a whole as many music videos often have the female body showed in such a way, and in many instances they are stationary on screen, as evident in this video. Showing this straight from the off, alongside the whole idea of the relationship being introduced, showing her laying in bed without many clothes could be establishing the idea of her being objectified in the relationship, as later in the video she is shown being abused by the man.

Another example of a female within the video showing skin is Rihanna, more so near the later part of the video (as in the previous parts, her presence was mainly close ups), she can be seen wearing little clothes also. This is a common stereotype of music videos of this nature, and could be done for a number of reasons. One reason could be to simply engage male viewers to continue watching, but a denoted meaning could link towards the background scenery and the messages/ values which are shown throughout the video (see bellow).


6. There is often inter textual reference

In regards to inter textual reference, I could only find one instance while analyzing the music video in which a reference to a product could be seen. As seen bellow, the label of a Russian vodka can be seen being shown for a very short instance. The music video often has references to alcohol throughout (One example being near the end of the video in which Megan Fox walks out on the man, and he goes to grab a bottle of vodka). Through picking this as a point to do a close up of and clearly showing the label could potentially link towards an ideal of the negative affects of alcohol, as when this label is being shown the man robs it from the store, possibly linking towards the idea of breaking the law/ sinning. This idea is also evident with the segments with the man as he is shown on a number of occasions committing assault on the woman, in which during these segments it is implied that he is under the influence of alcohol. The use of this form of inter textual reference therefore linking towards another ideal of the video.



7.  Whether the video is primarily performance based, narrative based or concept based
                                                                                   
There is a clear example of there being performance throughout the music video. This can be seen in any of the segments in which Eminem is seen rapping in front of the camera, and also the segments in which Rihanna is performing in front of the camera. This would be expected and is a common element to many music videos as a whole, not just the pop genre. Through performing it allows for the artists to add another element to the music and visuals, as well as there portrayal, to which in this video it is to show the emotion and expressions of both of the artists featured.

In regards to narrative, there is also a clear narrative which is shown throughout. This is of the relationship between the man and the woman, in which a love story is told. Although not a conventional love story which would be expected which would be more happy and upbeat, but the hostile nature of the relationship and narrative can be seen from the beginning of the video. The narrative of the story of the two is clearly shown all the way from the begging to the end, to which along the way connoting messages and ideals behind the events which are occur.

For the concept, there is a couple of messages/ values which are being portrayed throughout, all of which centered around violence and relations, with reference to alcohol at times. One concept which is denoted throughout could potentially be about how once the "spark" in a relationship goes, things can go bitter very quickly, possibly trying to say that there is a thin boundary between love and hate. Evidence of this could possibly be through the mix of both romance and violence which is seen primarily near the later part of the video, and also through the use of the fire burning in Megan Foxs hand which was originally ignited previously in the video, implying that the love in the relationship has burnt out.

Conclusion - 

I believe analyzing this video will assist me in planning my own music. This is as if I am going to follow this theory, it will help me in trying to apply it towards my own music video as I'll know what points I will have to include, as well as being given a real life example in the video. It can also give me an insight into music videos as a whole as its a theory many videos follow. This particular video has assisted me greatly as for the most part it clearly contains every aspect of Godwins theory and is quite explicit in showing this, as it is often clear to see to the viewer. Alongside this, it could be said that there are multiple concepts which are being portrayed, adding for diversity in the messages shown. It contains all three of narrative, concept and performance, showing examples for all of them.

Research into music channels - Miss Geogiou

Music channels have been about since the early 1980s, the most commonly one known being MTV, which was created in 1981. There are a number of purposes behind having music channels. Firstly, the main reason being the only way to consume both the combination of audio and video in one package in the early days of music video creation. This enabled those that watched them to experience the artist and song in further depth and be exposed to a more modern music experience. Another reason behind music channels is to target towards a particular target audience and just features songs and music videos which fall into a particular genre or type. Essentially through doing this the public can distil through the multiple music channels available to them to pick whichever one falls under whatever type they like. An example of the multiple different types of music channels could range from ones which just feature pop songs (such as top 50 pop songs of 2015) or a channel which is purely dedicated towards rock. This makes certain types of songs easily accessible and the whole process of consuming music and the videos more efficiently.

The MTV logo itself is targeted and appeals towards teenagers. This is done through a number of ways. The size of the logo itself is rather large. The logo has a graffiti like style towards it, which can be seen through the positioning of the TV icon integrated within the M of MTV. 

The target audience for MTV consists of people between the ages of 13-21. On the MTV music television channel, the type of music they predominantly play are chart hits which are popular and well known. An example of an artist who's music they would play on there channel today would be; Rihanna, Taylor Swift, Nicki Minaj, Eminem and Katy Perry as a few examples. 

Rihanna would be present on such as she appeals towards the target audience at hand. This is due to a number of reasons. Throughout the years of Rihanna creating music videos and being big chart hits, as she is a pop artist predominantly, the nature of her songs can vary throughout her music videos. In recent years, the appeal towards her music videos being popular could be 

Taylor which is intact the most popular chart artist as it stands (figures coming from billboard.com). The reason as to why Taylor Swift is so popular and her videos  

Nicki Minaj would also feature on a music channel such as MTV as she is commonly present within the top charts. In regards to appeal towards the target audience, she appears more so because of the content and nature of her music videos. This is as she is known as being rather revealing throughout a large amount of her music videos, her most well known and commonly featured ones on MTV and other music channels often being very revealing and being of an adult nature. This would appeal towards males of the target audience more so, but it would also be popular and appealing due to the controversy surrounding it. This is as people may be discussing it and it may entice people to want to see the music video behind the song, due to the addition attention around it. 

Eminem would be a popular featuring artist on MTV as he has been in and around the top of the charts for many years and is a very well known artist. In comparison to Rihanna and Nicki Minaj, his music videos are often appealing not often because of performance, but more so the narrative and concept behind his videos. An example of one of his songs which had a popular music video which had both narrative and concept behind it is "Stan", to which even had an extended version created to show the story of the song in further depth and to express the message which is being shown in a clearer way.  This is appealing towards the whole target population of boys and girls aged between 13-21 years old and is also accessible to others, as fans of his music which are predominantly within that age range anyway, but it being on MTV the music video and the song itself can be fully experienced.

And lastly Katy Perry would be popular on this music channel also. She also has a large number of popular music videos which are present throughout MTVs viewings, to which similar to Rihanna, she has a range of different themes being shown in her different videos, to which appeal to different groups. An example of a video by Katy Perry which borders on the lines of being sexually explicit is "california girls" in which the video was put under criticism for such. Another video of hers which could be considered as bordering as being sexually explicit is "Roar". For these reasons, similar to Nicki Minaj these videos therefore appeal more towards a male target audience due to the sexual appeal. 

MTV is used as a form of branding in the number of ways. The music channel itself is owned by Viacom, which within such they own a large number of programs. Within such, an example of three would be Comedy Central, Nickelodeon and VH1. As they all belong to one media company, on all of the television shows there will be advertisements linking towards each other, through which advertising and promoting all of the shows. 

MTVs shows and TV schedule demonstrates its appeal towards the target audience mentioned (between 13-21). This can be seen above through the presence of such shows like "Teen mom" and "16 and pregnant". This is as such shows are directed aimed towards its particular target audience

In regards to the MTV music schedule, it is evident that the songs that are present within are aimed directly towards the target audience at hand. As seen above, this is evident through the presence of such songs and artists by artists which are very popular throughout people of the target audiences age range. The example I found was of there being a one direction music special being featured midday. This is catered towards the target audience as one direction has a large following of people which fall towards the lower end of the target audience.

Scuzz is another music channel, this one focus's solely upon rock music and the rock genre. It is a british music television channel which is owned by and operated by CSC media group. It was first launched on the 17th April in 2003, to which it in fact got rated as the highest rated british rock channel. Due to such the channel predominantly plays songs which falls into the rock genre, although it does also branch out into playing pop punk and metal also. This music channel would appeal for fans of rock music, and would only show songs which fall under the rock genre (or similar associated genres), which would be range from a minimum age being 13, to a maximum probably not exceeding those aged around 40.

The logo appeals towards the target audience of rock fans, to which this is achieved through both the visuals and colours of the visuals. The logo is a bold black, to which it clearly stands out and is very striking, which fits with the genre of music as rock music is often very loud, so having a big and out there logo is relative. As the logo is very striking, it leaves a strong impact when seen by anyone, which directly links towards the nature of the songs which would be commonly played on the station. The letters on the logo itself have sharp edges towards them as well, which makes the image sharper and more extravagant, which links towards both rock genre songs and the representation of the genre as a whole.

As seen with the broadcasting schedule for scuzz, the channel appeals to a wide array of ages which are fans of this particular type of music, having a time dedicated to both old school songs as well as new releases. To which because of this there is a large array of artists which are present throughout the broadcasting of skuzz, which can fall under the multiple different genres of rock music commonly, branching out into the depths of all the different sub genres within.

To begin, one example of a group which would be present on this channel would be Metallica. Metalica is an american heavy metal band formed in los angeles, California. The group originally started This is as there songs and music falls under the rock genre, and as the band have been active since 1981, they have an array of both younger and older fans. Through the diversity in age of fans, this would benefit the channel also as it may enable for them to gather new fans, be that young or old which may find the other music which is on the channel interesting

Another artist which would fit for under scuzz's broadcast list would be the prodigy. Bands are present throughout the viewing as seen with metallic most probably being the most popular/ well known. another group which is present on the channel is the prodigy. They would be featured on the channel as they fit within the genre of music which is commonly played and catered for towards the target audience. Although the group itself actually falls under the electronic dance genre, its another band/ group which is popular and well known by the public, hence as to why they are present throughout the playing of the channel.

A more generic band which would fit more into what would be expected to played rather than just being played because of the popularity of the artists would be Iron Maiden. They would be suited for the channel as they are a heavy metal group due to the type of music which they produce, and the group of people which there music caters towards. For this reason, they would be suited for the channel of Scuzz as there general viewer base would enjoy the other content on the channel also, making the songs which are played accessible by the appropriate group of people.

Blink 182 is another band which would be considered as being suitable for the music channel at hand. They are an american rock band which was formed in a suburb of San Diego, California in 1992, the current members of the band being Mark Hoppus and Travis Barker, two former members being Scott Rayner and Tom Delonge. Despite being a american rock punk band, they also fall under other multiple sub genres, such as pop, alternative, punk and state versions of rock. For this reason they are suited towards being present on the music channel of Scuzz, being appealing towards a large range of sub genres of rock music. For this reason it enables for a wider target audience, as well as there music appealing towards more fans of the genre due to there potential diversity.

Channel AKA is another music channel. This music channel focus's on grime, hip hop and urban songs. The music channel itself would have a niche target audience of a certain type of people. This is due to the nature of the songs and lyrics themselves, which is predominantly of a sensitive nature, often being explicit as the majority of the songs relate towards hip hop and urban types of music. An example of this in place would be the music channel receiving a fine of £18,000 in june of 2005, for which was due to broadcasting inappropriate material, according to ofcom, demonstrating the sensitive nature of the songs on the channel. 

The AKA logo appeals towards there target audience in a number of ways. It appeals primarily towards people aged between 15- 29. I would say this from both the visuals and the colours of the visuals. On the left hand side of the logo a red man leaning on the A (implying it to be a wall) can be seen, this linking towards the music present on the channel as they often have an urban sense around them. The colour of AKA itself being bold black, which is very striking and clearly stands out. As its a dark colour, this also links towards the feelings of the songs, as they are often explicit and can often being related towards artists life experiences and such; being used as form of sublimation for emotions, often being negative. The red of the man itself could also link towards the common association with red of danger or blood/death, linking towards the explicit natures of the songs.

Seen above is the channeling schedule for channel AKA, which it is evident which types of songs/ shows which are shown towards there viewer base, either being grime or rap which is shown. This re-enforces what types of artists are relevant to have present on the music channel.

An example of an artist who would be suitable for the channel and is likely to be present on the channel is Eminem, this is for a number of reasons. Firstly he fits into the hip hop genre predominantly, in which his songs are often based upon his own personal experiences and such. An example of one of eminems songs which is of a explicit nature is Kim, to which the song itself is essentially him letting out of of his negative emotions in regards to his former wife. This would never be shown on a channel such as MTV for example due to there strict feelings towards censorship, but with AKA the songs are often of a explicit nature. 

Another artist which I believe who would be suited towards being present on AKA's channel would be the grime artist JME. His real name being Jamie Adenuga, was born on the 4th of may 1985. JME has gathered a large fan base over the years, the start of this coming from a single which he released in 2009 called "over me", which was converted into a three way CD disc containing 2 other songs as well which he released the same year. He would be suitable for AKA's viewings due to the nature of his songs, as well as the fan base he has gathered over the years, which they would commonly opt for a music channel such as this. He was brought up on a council estate in hackney, where he gathered inspiration for some of his songs, basing them upon his own experiences, another reason as to why this would appeal towards the viewer as the songs are deeper rooted and meaningful, fans of the genre potentially being able to relate to his life experiences.

The grime genre of music has a large number of popular names throughout which would be suitable to be shown on AKA's viewings, another of which being the music artist Skepta. Joseph Junior Adenuga also falls under the rap genre for some of his songs, although most commonly known for releasing grime content. Despite this, it would still make him suitable for AKA as the music channel ranges from both genres of music which the artist Skepta is known for. For this reason he would be suitable as the content itself would be what people would expect to find on the channel, and other reason being that his pre existing fan base may enjoy the other music present on the channel when listening to his songs because of what is present on it.

Another artist which would be suited for this audience and channel is Stormzy, another british grime artist. Similar to that of Skepta and JME, he is a british grime and UK rap artist from London, producing lyrical content since 2010 - present. For this reason he would also be suited for the target audience of AKA, being an upcoming name in the grime industry of music. Stormzy won best grime act of 2014 at the MOBO awards, his presence on the channel could potentially increase ratings due to his media coverage from personal achievements.

Magic is another variation of music channel, to which it focus's upon the soul genre type of music. Magic is a british music television channel which is owned by The box plus network, and is known for primarily playing easy listening music also. The music channel follows the principal of viewers of the music channel to send in requests to what song plays on the channel, allowing for an interactive and catered experience to the viewers. 

The target audience for the channel I would say is not specific to anyone in particular as it is easy listening music, although saying that it is probably aimed more towards people aged 16 and over. This is as the artists which are shown throughout are often appealing more towards an older audience, as they are often easy listening house hold names which are accessible by all. 

The logo appeals to this audience in a number of ways. The colour used for the logo is just a plain black, which could have been done so that it doesn't cater towards anyone in particular and that it is for a wide audience as black is a neutral colour. In regards to the type of font used, all of the letters in magic seem to almost lean towards the right, possibly suggesting that the songs are calming and smoove, being easy to listen to. Returning to the use of colour, the neutral black used could also be linked towards it potentially being for an older audience, as the colour can be associated with originality and old, which fits as some of the songs played on magic can be old popular songs.

Above is the TV listing for magics music channel. This shows the type of content which would be expected to be found within the channel, which re-enforces the type of content which can be seen on the channel, as well as what type of people the channel is trying to appeal towards. This is also an indication of what types of artists would be expected and suited for the music channel, those that can be seen are seen being very famous faces which are easily accessible to a large group of people, an example can be seen in the top right hand corner, where adele can be seen through the use of a close up. 

One artist who I believe would fit into Magics viewings and would suit its target audience is Ed Sheehan. He is a singer song writer, born on the 17th February 199, being active since 2005 and onwards. He falls under three genres of music, predominately pop but also folk and acoustic. This would be suited for this music channel as his songs are often slowed paced and relaxed, often associated as being chill out music to unwind with. Also, as he is such a large artist and a well known name, his presence of the music channel could result in many of his large fan base to watch the music channel, which could potentially result in more viewers for the channel. If this was to happen, the new viewers would be likely to stay due to his type of music being similar to that of what is already present on it, making it suited towards the target audience of the channel.

Another artist which would be considered very similar to Ed Sheehan in regards to there nature of music is Sam smith. He is another artist which falls prominently into the pop genre, also providing with content which falls into the soul and r&b genre. He would be suited for magic as similar to Ed Sheehan, his type of music is chilled out, and being a popular name in the music industry, he has a large following and appeals towards a large group of people. This would be beneficial for the music channel as the target audience is a wide audience, trying to appeal to as many as people, which would be achieved from the presence of Sam smith and Ed Sheehan as there music isn't of an explicit nature, fits in with the genre of what the channel is expected to play, and also there pre existing fan base would find the other content on the channel appealing.

Ollie murs is another artist which would be suited for the music channel. Born in 1984, the english music content creator also falls predominantly into the pop genre, also branching out into the r&b genre. Unlike the previous two artists, although he falls into the pop genre, his type of music differs a tad to that of them, due to his songs often being more upbeat and faster paced. This enables for another side of the genre to be shown, which would be appealing for the viewer as it provides with diversity over the channel, but still being appealing towards a large audience. As his fame came from being a finalist on the public music competition the x factor, he already had a pre existing fan base which was large and diverse. Having him playing on magics music channel would entice a more diverse group of people to watch the channel also, providing with additional viewers.

Leaning away from the modern day, young and popular male pop artists, there are other artists who's music would be suited towards magics channel. One example of an artist which would suit this is Elvis. The music artist died on the 16th of august 1977 at the age of 42, the music which he created fell into a large number of genres, mainly being rock and roll, although he also produced pop, country, blues, gospel, soul and various other forms of music. He would be suited for a music channel like magic for a large number of reasons. Elvis has been big even into death and in the modern world, being a music icon for the rock and roll genre, forming a massive following over the years. In particular this could appeal towards an older audience, which would bring a different sub group of viewers for the music channel, although it isn't accessible to just them as he is an artist which is generally enjoyed by a large amount of people, and a music channel which seeks to please as many as possible would benefit from having his songs playing on there channel. 

Similar to the previous artist, another which would be another potential artist who's songs would be suited for the music channel is Michael Jackson. This former artists songs would be suited for a number of reasons, leaning more towards the reason given to Elvis. This is as he was and still is an absolutely huge name in the music industry, his music being listened to by a large array of people. Alongside his accessibility, he also suits the channel as he could arguably be catered towards an older audience once again, which would make the channel get an even bigger array of viewers and a generally larger viewing base. 

 Club land TV is the final music channel I shall be discussing, it focus's mainly upon dance music. It also features upbeat pop, and can be viewed on sky TV on channel. It bases its songs which are played upon club land compilation albums. It was originally aired on Freeview TV prior to 2015 but go removed at the request of its operators.

In regards to target audience, I would say that it ranges from the ages of 13-25. This is due to the popularity that this type of music receives from teenagers and young adults, and is often associated with what a large number listen to.

In regards to the logo, I believe that it does appeal towards the target audience at hand. The text of the logo itself has lines splitting the text apart which almost resembles a strobe light which would be associated with this type of music. This is appealing towards the target audience as they can immediately identify that the music that is played on the channel will be dance. For the colours of the logo, silver is used which could potentially link towards the colour of a disco ball, again making the association back with the genre of dance. This is catered towards the target audience as the entire logo links with the dance genre, so therefore catering towards fans of the genre of music.

Within the channel listings which can be found on sky. This shows what shows you would expect to find on the channel, and what type of artists which are present. This supports the idea of having the target audience mentioned previously through the shows which can be seen, which consists of only club and dance songs, the well known DJ David Guetta can be seen on the thumbnails, which shows what type of artists would be expected to be found or what would be suited.

The first artist I believe would be suited for the music channel Clubland is Calvin Harris. I believe he would be suited as he would provide with an additional number of viewers for the music channel as he is a generally well known artist, having a very big following in regard to the dance genre. For this reason the viewers which he would bring to the channel would be more likely to continue to stay on the channel. Calvin Harris being a big name within the dance side of the music industry, for this reason he would be suitable for the channel as the pre-existing fan base for it would find his music appealing, and would be more likely to want to see it.

Another artist which would be suited for the music channel is Disclosure. They are an English electronic music duo, consisting of brothers Howard and Guy Lawrence. The siblings grew up in Reigate, Surrey. Their debut album, Settle, released on 3 June 2013 through PMR, was nominated for Best Dance/Electronica Album at the 2014 Grammy Awards. Similar to that of Calvin harris, Disclosure also provides with content which falls into the dance genre. They would be suited for clubland therefore due to the genre of music they create, which is purely electronic dance, which would be suited towards the target audience of the channel.

Thirdly, another artist which is in fact seen on the viewings of David Guetta. He is a French DJ, record producer and remixer. He co-founded Gum Productions and released his first album in 2002. 
He is predominantly a house music artist and content creator. For this reason I believe he would be suited for this music channel as his content is similar to what would be expected to be played, as well as being what the viewer would expect to find on the channel.

Justin Bieber is a Canadian singer and songwriter. Bieber's current manager, Scooter Braun, first discovered him through his YouTube videos in 2007. He has changed throughout the years in regards to what content he creators and releases, as he now leans more towards pop/ dance genre with his new content. For this reason he is suitable for the channel as he is accessible to a large amount of people due to his pop content, alongside this the regular viewers of the channel who would find it appealing as it would be similar content to what they would expect with the other artists on the channel. 

Chris brown is is an American recording artist, dancer and actor. Born in Tappahannock, Virginia, he taught himself to sing and dance at a young age and was involved in his church choir and several local talent shows. The music he produces falls into the ranges from dance, pop, hip hop and R&B, he would be appealing for the channel because of the range of viewers he could provide with who are fans of the other genres, alongside the previous fan base of primarily dance fans. 
Conclusion

I think MTV is split into sub genres of music for a number of reasons. As there are many different genres and types of music, separating them into there own sections allows fans to differentiate between them. This prevents a fan  of pop music for example from having to listen to rock songs. Essentially this makes the music channel more accessible to every group of music fans, allowing them to split the different types apart.
I do believe that music channels are important in appealing towards a target audience. This is as mentioned before, having lots of different music channels allows for particular music channels to cater solely towards that audience, an example of which being a dance music channel just having dance songs
There are multiple reasons for there being a variety of music channels. The main reason for such being that there are multiple different types (or genres) of music. This means that to be most efficient in enabling fans of a particular type of music to have access to just that, having multiple channels allows this.
I have learnt a number of things about music channels that will assist me with my own production. One of such things being the need to making sure that the production is catered solely towards the target audience at hand, and that they have easy access to it. From doing so this will result in an easier experience for fans.

History of a music video - Miss Georgiou

Music videos can be viewed by the public in a various numbers of ways, to which has developed been developed upon due to advancements in technologies, specifically the internet. The generic way to watch music videos in the modern world is primarily through the use of the social network site youtube, and other outlets such as google play, MTV.com and other online outlets. For physical ways such as television, music videos can be watched via music channels, more being made available with TV package services such as virgin media and sky TV.


Music video channels were originally the main way of being able to both experience the visuals that came along with the song. The first of which music channel was MTV, which was first launched on the 1st of august 1981, although the original purpose of which of the television program wasn't like today where a channel is solely devoted to the official videos of a song; the purpose being to play music videos guided by television personalities known as "video jockeys". This was most probably done at the start of the era of music videos as such television personalities to draw attention to the music artists and the shows themselves, kickstarting musical trends for the time and the start of the development of music channels. 

Bugles, video killed the radio star (created in 1979) was the first music video to be shown on MTV which was aired in 1981, the first year of MTV being on television. This was the breakthrough music video which came on the air for the music channel. At the time of the release of both the music video and the music channel itself, MTV: Music Television was essentially the only way to watch music videos. Due to this, the release of such videos enables for such a large amount of promotion towards the song but more so the artist as well, allowing for the viewer to get a better insight into the song itself and the potential meaning (or concept) behind it. This also allowed for viewers of the video to get an insight into the artist themselves as before such videos the primary way of consuming music was through radio, so seeing the artist themselves perform the song gives the viewer a better insight towards the artist. Continuing on from the idea of music video concept, the title of the music video at hand is "video killed the radio store", to which implying the beginning of the end of radio listening, as this was the start of the global transition from radio being the primary way of consuming music, to music videos being generally more popular and


In the modern day era, due to the development in both the internet and technologies as a whole, youtube has become the most prevalent place to watch music videos, being the go to place for most music fans and the general public to be able to watch and listen to new releases for free on multiple devices, any place and anytime. Youtube itself being a form of social media which was created in February of 2005, originally being created by 3 former pay pal staff, to which it was later purchased the following year by google for $1.65 billion US dollars. Youtube plays a pivotal role in the music industry in the modern day, an example of which can be seen throughout the most viewed youtube videos.

The image above showing the top 30 most viewed youtube videos in history, from which the overwhelming majority of videos within being music videos in fact. The top of the chart and most viewed youtube video being Psy's "Gangnam Style", since the release in on the 15th July 2012, surpassing over 2 billion views since. This therefore demonstrating the shear amount of attention for music videos on youtube and there popularity throughout the public.

The budgets for music videos can vary, the more expensive music productions exceeding millions of dollar. As seen bellow the highest budget music video production coming from Michael Jackson and Janet Jacksons "Scream", being originally aired in 1995, the production of which costing $7,000,000. The majority of productions seen on the top 10 most expensive music videos are predominantly. On average, a music video production (since 2010) was $200,000 - $500,000.

In regards to music videos, the technology used for such has developed with time as music videos have become more prevalent in the music industry. Looking at the first ever music video to comparing it to a modern day counterpart, it is clear the advancements that have been made have been substantial mainly for the quality of video, as well as the audio quality improving. Essentially, the ever developing technology in general has influence the overall quality which is displayed in modern day videos. As for some music videos, the appeal may lean towards the nature of such being explicit, to which its appeal is for a niche male audience, hence why in modern day videos, examples of such coming from Rihanna (pour it up official video) and Nikki Minaj (starships official video) the picture quality shown is often of an exception standard; the cameras used for such being on par for Imax cinema screens.

The development of smart phones originated from the 16th august 1994, although not nearly having the same capabilities to that of an iPhone 6 per say, but this was the start of the beginning of there existence and soon to be popularity. The uses for smart phones in the modern day are endless, and in regards to music videos and the way in which they are both consumed and advertised, smart phones have had a huge impact to such.  

In regards to consumption, owners of smart phones have access to social media outlets which enable them to watch anything anywhere, with a wireless internet connection. From such this means that apps such as you-tube can allow the public to enjoy both watching and listening to music while on the move, making very few restrictions to the watching of music videos. This has changed throughout the years, as beforehand the original music videos which would have been release would only have been able to be viewed on stationary devices, main example of such being on a television and being viewed on a channel dedicated to just music

In regards to advertisements, smart phone development has impacted this. This is due once again to the large number of outlets on smart phone devices. This means that when it comes to trying to reach out to a particular target audience, it is made easier as certain apps and areas of social media are more likely to have a certain type of people on there, therefore creators and distributors of music can advertise there music dependent on who is more likely to see it on that particular outlet. This has changed throughout the years purely down to the way in which music videos can be consumed, this is as on music channels such as MTV the type and genre of music will vary throughout the play of the station, therefore those on the channel may consist of a diverse group, in which a certain type of music may not appeal to them. Whereas in the modern day, it is made easier to cater certain things towards a particular group of people through the specific outlets.

A music genre is a field of music, set into sub categories depending on the content and nature within the song itself. There is a wide variety of music genres, ranging from the older types of music such as "folk" to your modern day pop genre music.

I believe this research will help me in planning my own music video in a number of ways. The research I have conducted has given me a better insight towards the music industry as a whole. It has given me an indication as to what used to be and what is now in regards to music videos and the overall improvements which have been made, and to what standard would be expected to make a music video seem realistic to an extent.

What is a music video - Miss Miller

A music video is integrating the audio of a song and placing it alongside imagery. This is done to many affects, for both artistic purposes and for promotion.

For institutions, the main benefit for such being for promotional purposes, an example of which being how when a song is first released, often a music video is released at the same time. To which this is done to advertise both the song and video itself. This helps promote a song due to the shear number of ways in which a video can be watched, the most frequently used way being YouTube. Due to this, the release of a music video enables for a large amount of exposure on multiple different platforms, at very little cost, which can also be consumed by a very wide audience

Music videos can often go viral on social media sites such as you tube for an example, to which from the free additional exposure saves money for the production as well as making it more accessible by a wider audience.

A music video can also be used to promote the artist themselves, as fans of a particular genre of song may of heard of a particular song, to which when going to view the video will discover the artist themselves by being able to experience the song and the artists performance.

Another purpose potentially being to show a short narrative to the viewer alongside the song. This can be done to either put across a message to the public, by doing so using the media attention which the production gets to use it for a beneficial purpose. An example of this could be a song ending with a death of someone throughout and the message being to avoid whatever theme is shown throughout, like drink driving or smoking.

Another purpose can be to represent/ portray the artist in a particular way; an example of which being a pop artist who is portrayed by the media as being uptight and serious about there work and then creating a music video in which they are messing about on screen and showing there "fun" side. By doing this fans of the artist may feel as if they cam relate more to the artist themselves as they are shown as being down to earth, therefore making them for accessible and like able to the public.

Another purpose of such being to attract a particular target audience, to which trying to cater the nature of the video and what is present throughout so that it is accessible for the target audience and is what they would expect for a video within that genre of music as well as fitting with what they would want for a music video as they can be requested upon also by fans of a song if they were not originally intended to be made or released.

Another reason being able to identify with an artist group, an example of which being similar to that of the portrayal of an artist in regards to them being accessible to people and making the fans and viewers of the music video to be able to identify themselves with the artist group, from having the video it enables to viewer to feel as if they have more of an insight into the individuals and groups as a whole.

Another purpose of a music video is for the audience to remember the music video, to which can have a number of benefits to which, as they will remember the video itself and when remembering it, it will remind them of the song and artist. From doing such it will enable the artist to gain more exposure and to be a better known name within the music industry. Another way in which making the video memorable is that on social media sites, the public can talk and joke about the video itself, once again providing with some addition exposure towards a wider audience. If a abstract or offbeat music video which is memorable gets spread via word of mouth and social media sites such as YouTube, they can go viral and be seen by an even wider audience.

For music videos, there are three different types which can be found; performance, narrative and concept. An example of performance would be the music video containing an element of the artist and/or back dancers singing and/ or dancing. Narrative within a music video is telling a story through the additional visuals seen throughout. Concept within a music video is selling the audience an idea or theme which is portrayed throughout. When it comes to the three different types, some music videos may only contain a select number or only one, or they may try to incorporate all three into one singular video production.


Music video analyse


The video I shall be analyzing is by Maroon 5, "Sugar". The song and artist group fall under the pop genre, to which the video itself follows the principals present for both pop videos and the interior components to a common music video itself.

There are multiple purposes behind this music video:


In the very beginning of the music video, a shot of Adam Levine can be seen (check above) in which straight from the off he is looking directly at a handheld camera which features the record icon, as well as the date and battery icon kept in the shot. This could be done to a number of affects. The camera being used to film the segment is not going to be a common hand held camera as shown here, more likely going to be a high quality HD camera as the visuals throughout are of a high quality. Through keeping such things on the screen and implying its such a camera relates towards the concept of a music video being to relate more towards the artist and the song itself. This is as the use of a camera which is commonly seen through home videos (such as the battery icon, recording sign and date of filming) which makes it seem as if the artist is more down to earth and like an "ordinary" person, and not just a big star. Through doing such this makes the artist easier to identify with as they are portrayed in such a way.

Also, through the use of the beginning segment appearing to be unedited through what can be seen above, it could connote that fans of Maroon 5 and the song may of requested a music video which was not originally created at the beginning of the songs release, therefore to please there fans they rushed together a video. Although most probably not the case, if this was true it would make the viewers and fans of the group be seen as being dedicated towards the fans by following there request of creating a video. This is connoted by the creates of the production through the use of the mid shot in which Levine can be seen speaking directly at the camera (see above), in which this continues throughout as a lot of the music video seems to have very little editing done to it, and showing this at the beginning could imply such. An example of segments which do appeal to be edited are the wedding segments, although the majority of the other shots appear not to be as much.

Throughout the music video, the main member of the group Adam Levine can be seen being the man focus of the screen; often looking directly at the artist and being centered directly in the middle. This stays consistent throughout the video, being seen from the beginning all the way to the end. The purpose of this could be to show the viewer a bigger insight towards the artist themselves. Through doing such, the viewer can may feel as if they can understand the group and individual artist better. Another reason as to why this is done could possibly be linked towards Adam Levine and his popularity with both Maroon 5 and a solo artist. As he has a large following regardless and is the most well known out of the group, through having him as the main focus fans of his music may be more inclined to continue watching and may enjoy the music video experience more so due to the additional attention drawn towards him.

The music video has a number of styles within. Out of the three styles (concept, narrative and performance) I found all of them with the exception being concept, to which I could not find a message or idea behind the video itself, more so just being a collaboration of multiple different events occurring throughout.

It could be argued that the style of 'narrative' is present throughout, although with this particular video it is portrayed in a more unorthodox way to other popular songs. This is as the narrative of the song and music video is not one continuation of a narrative, more so lots of mini stories. This is evident through the whole idea of the video itself and the band visiting weddings. The individual weddings which are shown throughout the duration of the video could be said to be a set of smaller narratives molded into one continuous segment.

Throughout the music video at hand, a number of micro elements can be seen throughout the duration of the production, in which common conventions of the pop music genre can be seen within.

The first convention which I have identified is actually the main theme which can be seen throughout the music video. This is that of pop videos often being centered around the idea and theme of love and/ or relationships. This can be seen through the use of cinematography, specifically a two shot of both the bride and groom. The music video for "sugar" consists of Adam Levine and the other members of Maroon 5 surprising newly weds. This links towards the idea of both love and relationships very clearly through the use of the wedding settings. Alongside this, the lyrics themselves are centered around love also, an example of a line in which this can be heard is in fact in the very opening of the song, in which the lead Adam Levine goes "I'm hurting, baby, I'm broken down I need your loving, loving I need it now". This further enforcing the convention of love throughout, which can be clearly seen to follow a established convention.

The second convention of music pop videos which can be seen throughout the video is that of everyone in the video (more so the artists) seeming happy and content with things; the nature of the video often being very upbeat which is evident within this video. This can be seen also throughout the video as the shots which are done in exterior places (such as when they are in the convertible car) the weather is also very sunny and clear. This connotes that everyone is happy, which adds towards the upbeat nature of the video. This could be done to go in reverse to the nature of the lyrics, as if a darker themed video was used for a video about a breakup would more likely to be depressing, whereas with what they have produced they have followed the well known conventions which fall into the pop genre, without it turning into a sob story almost. Having there video as being more joyous and happy, which is assisted with the weddings which is often associated with a feeling of celebration, it makes the video itself more appealing to watch and listen to. From doing so following the trends of other pop songs and making it more accessible to a wider audience.


On the contrary, one common convention which is featured throughout modern day pop songs is that the clothes which are featured are often quite trendy and popular to those of the target audience, as well as often being mainstream clothing. Throughout the video, the main lead Adam Levine is wearing a suit, which his fellow band members are also wearing. This challenges the convention as a song of this nature you would assume they would be wearing more casual clothing, which it is evident they are not. Although, this could possibly be due to what is within the music video, and that the band are making surprise visits to weddings, so the clothes which they are wearing are most probably down to this reason. Regardless of this, it still challenges the convention mentioned, although it seems to work with the video as they are still portrayed in a down to earth way to an extent; later segments of the music video the band (more so Adam Levine) can also be shown as being more of a celebrity status and demonstrating this, an example of which can be from the cookers reaction to the band walking through the kitchen before going on stage, which occurs near the later end of the video.


Another purpose behind the song can be identified nearing the end of the song. This can be seen through the use of cinematography, specifically a mid shot. This is of the lead member of the group Adam Levine, in which he can be seen in a solo shot with a black background in which he is the main focus. He is also centered directly in the middle of the shot. Also linking towards the style of music video performance, this segment is also an example of performance as he can be seen partaking in a solo within the song, being pictured with just him and a microphone. This particular instance also links towards the purpose of a video being to create a relationship between both the viewer an artist on screen. This is evident in other instances also, as from the start Levine is shown to be the member with the most amount of screen time, and the times in which he is one screen he is in the middle of the shot. The viewer would be able to create a relationship through this segment in particular as not only does it focus on him for a good 10-15 second duration, the nature of the song slows down and the feeling portrayed seems to become more personal. This could be said to be both giving a bigger insight into the artist themselves, as well as creating a relationship between the lead due to multiple moments like this throughout in which he is the most significant visual shown.

The video itself could be argued to appeal to a very large audience. Maroon 5 have a number of popular songs, an example of which being the one at hand, and the nature of them varies depending on the nature of the song and the lyrics. Due to this, the different songs can have different appeals towards different groups, however this particular song could potentially be aimed to a unspecific audience, although if aiming towards a specified audience the video would lean more towards a teenage audience of young people, possibly ageing from 13 - 35. This would be more so because of the happy nature of the music video and the upbeat feel which is created through such. This is therefore catered more towards young people due to the people which are present within the video, as the newly weds which can be seen throughout are predominantly young, therefore viewers of the video may be able to relate to the visuals on screen. Also, staying on the idea of the viewer being able to relate to the context, the elderly people at the weddings are also shown as being very happy and upbeat, an example of which can be seen with the Asian bride and grooms. This assists in the video being both accessible to there main target audience of younger people, but not being restricted on such and enabling it to be accessed by a wide audience, which is fitting for a song within the pop genre as it is likely to be present within the top charts around the release of the song.

Conclusion

This particular video has enabled me to have a better understanding towards music videos, in regards to following, challenging and adapting well known conventions. The music video at hand for the most part does follow the conventions of music videos which fall into the pop genre. This is most probably beneficial as pop videos are often aimed to be accessible to many, and to be mainstream in nature and to not defy what is expected of them, so that they can be accessed by a larger audience of people, with the aim of being more popular to a larger amount of people, rather than being unorthodox and appearing towards a niche target audience, which is present throughout different genres of music. Although on one instance the video does challenge and adapt the convention of commonly featured clothing within pop videos, although this is not completely challenged as the concept itself is more subjected in nature as different clothing is considered to be mainstream or popular, although the use of suits does not seem to hinder the purpose or type of music video created, rather it just adapts the convention to fit the nature of the video itself. From analyzing such, I have identified that for songs that fall under the pop genre, when it comes to creating a music video it could be a better idea to simply follow the conventions which have been established throughout the years of the genre and to go with what would be commonly expected to be present throughout, rather than challenges or going against the norms. This is as they are popular videos therefore the aim of such would be to please the consumers of the music video and to increase the overall popularity and accessibility. Going against the norms would defy this and would result in a final production that the public may not see as being particularity appealing and would therefore jeopardize the popularity and accessibility of it.

Overall, I think music videos can be very effective in a number of ways and for multiple reasons. They are a extension of the song itself and they enable the person watching the video an experience which cant be done just listening to the song. As mentioned prior this enables the watcher to have a better in sight in to the song and artist themselves, as well as possible being able to follow the narrative behind the song on screen. The promotional purposes behind videos can be endless due to the rising popularity in the videos themselves and the increasing ways in which music can be consumed. It is clear that music videos are effective due to there increasingly popularity, which in turn results in exposure which can have a number of positive affects, for both the artist and song and enabling it to get more popular. Essentially music videos have an endless number of possibilities and benefits for both parties, artists and those consuming there work.

I am still undecided as to what genre and type of video I wish to create when it comes to creating my own music video production. This is as I am well aware that this is going to be heavily influenced also by the input of my fellow group members. Although, if I do opt to create a video which falls under the pop genre, I have a greater idea as to what styles to use and to what affect, as well as what I would wish to include in regards to conventions. For this music video in particular, through my analyse I have identified what I believe should and should not be included within a music video which falls into the pop genre. Within this video, for the most part it follows the common conventions of that of pop videos, to which is most probably done to follow what is expected of them so that the artist group can appeal towards a larger audience. Although, there is one instance in which they can be seen altering the convention of clothing which is associated with such videos, also saying this it is subjective as to what is popular in what area in which the video is being watched, as well as the subjective nature of what is considered to be mainstream or not. But in the end altering the convention to fit the nature of the music video which is centered around weddings does seem to work so altering conventions to fit the context of the video is acceptable within pop videos. Through this analyzing, if I do opt to create a pop video, I am going to most probably stress the need to follow the conventions quite strictly and to not defy them, with the intent of enabling the video to be more popular and accessible to a wider target audience. Also, hoping to please the target audience so that the final production is of what they have come to expect of videos of this genre. Essentially following the mainstream concepts and conventions established throughout the years, but with adding a twist which relates back to either the nature of the song or the video being created, to create a sense of authenticity and originality, but while doing so avoiding the production from becoming too abstract in nature.